How to Make Your Own Invisible Ink

Making invisible ink to write and reveal secret messages is a great science project to try, even if you think you dont have the right chemicals. Why? Because just about any chemical can be used as invisible ink if you know how to use it. What Is Invisible Ink? Invisible ink is any substance that you can use to write a message that is invisible until the ink is revealed. You write your message with the ink using a cotton swab, dampened finger, fountain pen, or toothpick. Let the message dry. You might also want to write a normal message on the paper so that it doesnt appear to be blank and meaningless. If you write a cover message, use a ballpoint pen, pencil, or crayon, since fountain pen ink could run into your invisible ink. Avoid using lined paper to write your invisible message for the same reason. How you reveal the message depends on the ink you use. Most invisible inks are made visible by heating the paper. Ironing the paper and holding it over a 100-watt bulb are easy ways to reveal these types of messages. Some messages are developed by spraying or wiping the paper with a second chemical. Other messages are revealed by shining an ultraviolet light  on the paper. Ways to Make Invisible Ink Anyone can write an invisible message, assuming you have paper, because bodily fluids can be used as invisible ink. If you dont feel like collecting urine, here are some alternatives: Heat-Activated Invisible Inks You can reveal the message by ironing the paper, setting it on a radiator, placing it in an oven (set to lower than 450 degrees F), or holding it up to a hot light bulb. To write the message you can use: Any acidic fruit juice (e.g., lemon, apple, or orange juice)Onion juiceBaking soda (sodium bicarbonate)VinegarWhite wineDiluted colaDiluted honeyMilkSoapy waterSucrose (table sugar) solutionUrine Inks Developed by Chemical Reactions These inks are sneakier  because you have to know how to reveal them. Most of them work using pH indicators, so when in doubt, paint or spray a suspected message with a base (such as sodium carbonate solution) or an acid (such as lemon juice). Some of these inks will reveal their message when heated (e.g., vinegar). Examples of such inks include: Phenolphthalein (pH indicator), developed by ammonia fumes or sodium carbonate (or another base)Thymolphthalein, developed by ammonia fumes or sodium carbonate (or another base)Vinegar or diluted acetic acid, developed by red cabbage waterAmmonia, developed by red cabbage waterSodium bicarbonate (baking soda), developed by grape juiceSodium chloride (table salt), developed by silver nitrateCopper sulfate, developed by sodium iodide, sodium carbonate, potassium ferricyanide, or ammonium hydroxideLead(II) nitrate, developed by sodium iodideIron sulfate, developed by sodium carbonate, sodium sulfide, or potassium ferricyanideCobalt chloride, developed by potassium ferricyanideStarch (e.g., corn starch or potato starch), developed by iodine solutionLemon juice, developed by iodine solution Inks Developed by Ultraviolet Light (Black Light) Most inks that become visible when you shine a black light on them also would become visible if you heated the paper. Glow-in-the-dark stuff is still cool. Here are some chemicals to try: Dilute laundry detergent (the bluing agent glows)Bodily fluidsTonic water (quinine glows)Vitamin B-12 dissolved in vinegar Any chemical that weakens the structure of paper can be used as an invisible ink, so you might find it fun to discover other inks around your home or lab.

The Importance of the Wise Use of Genetic Engineering

Human species has been suffering at the hands of disease since their genesis. Our relation with each other is such that if one suffers in pain, his suffering and pain touches rest of the humanity. It is now in our domain to use this new technology called Genetic Engineering to ameliorate human suffering and pain. We should make sure that this technology is only used for the betterment of human species and not selectively. It is indeed horrifying to know that someone wants to use this as a tool for eugenics or to alter the human race altogether. I totally agree with the specter mentioned in the book Babies by Design by Ronald M. Green (2007), that in case a human weakness has been eliminated through genetic engineering, and the few parents who opt for a natural conception run the risk of producing low quality invalids----who become members of a despised under-class. I am against selective genetic manipulation that will produce several classes of human species, which will be classified as good, better, best. I tend to disagree with Bill Mckibben on â€Å"If I am a world class runner, but my parents inserted the sweatworks2010genepack in my genome, can I really feel pride in my accomplishments† (ENOUGH 2003). Yes sir I can, because my gene carried an imperfection. It has been tweaked a bit to enhance my performance and that’s all there is to it. No qualms about it whatsoever. Humans have far more genetic defects than animals. We need to fix these defects once and for allShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Maintaining The Race944 Words   |  4 Pages On the importance of maintaining the race, George quotes Dr. James G. Needham, a professor of entomology, stating, â€Å"The road to social deterioration runs by way of continued breeding from inferior stock. . . . 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Close to 15000 consumers from various parts of the US, majorly Texas have complained to the largest seed producing company on the importance of labeling the products to distinguish them from GMOs. This is due to the negative effects shown by the victims complaining the products have a number of negative effects on their health. In this paper, there is an outline of the strategies thatRead MoreWe Are On The Precipice Of Great And Drastic Change Essay2486 Words   |  10 Pagesto enhance human intellectual, physical, and psychological capabilities† (Jiang, 2015). Technological advancements play an ever-increasing part in our lives, more so now than any other time in mankind s history. With advances in the fields of engineering, science, robotics, and neuroscience, I believe we are on the precipice of great and drastic change. This could equally lead to an ethical and social meltdown in our society. 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The Return Shadow Souls Chapter 19 Free Essays

string(91) " The newcomer had long bronze hair that hung in separate unruly tangles down to his waist\." Damon wouldn’t have thought a sadistic old fool who whipped a woman to pieces for not being able to pull a cart meant for a horse would have any friends. And Old Drohzne, indeed, may not have had any. But that wasn’t the issue. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 19 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Neither, strangely, was murder the issue. Murder was an everyday affair around the slums and the fact that Damon had initiated and won a fight was of no surprise to the inhabitants of these dangerous alleyways. The issue lay in making off with a slave. Or perhaps it went deeper. The issue lay in how Damon treated his own slaves. A crowd of men – all men, no women, Damon noticed – had indeed gathered in front of the doctor’s building, and they did in fact have torches. â€Å"Mad vampire! Mad vampire on the loose!† â€Å"Drive him out here for justice to be done!† â€Å"Burn the place down if they won’t turn him out!† â€Å"The elders say to bring him to them!† This seemed to have the effect the crowd desired, clearing the streets of the more decent people and leaving only the bloody-minded sort who’d been hanging about at a loose end, and were only too glad of a fight. Most of them, of course, were vampires themselves. Most of them were fit vampires. But none of them, Damon thought, flashing a diamond-bright smile around the circle that was closing in on him, had the motivation of knowing that the lives of three young human girls depended on him – and that one of them was the jewel in the crown of humanity, Elena Gilbert. If he, Damon, was torn to pieces in this fight, those three girls would lead lives of hell and degradation. However, even this logic didn’t seem to help him prevail as Damon was kicked, bitten, head-butted, punched, and stabbed with wooden daggers – the kind that slice vampire flesh. At first he thought he had a chance. Several of the youngest and fittest vampires fell prey to his cobra-quick strikes and his sudden strafes of Power. But the truth was that there were simply too many of them, Damon thought, as he snapped the neck of a demon whose two long tusks had already scored his arm almost through the muscle. And here came a huge vampire, clearly in training, with an aura that made Damon feel bile at the back of his throat. That one went down with a foot in the face, but he didn’t stay down; he came up, clinging to Damon’s leg and allowing several smaller vampires with wooden daggers to dart in and hamstring him. Damon felt black dismay as his legs went out from under him. â€Å"Sunlight damn you,† he grated through a mouthful of blood as another tusked, red-skinned demon punched him in the mouth. â€Å"Damn you all to the lowest hells†¦.† It was no good. Dully, still fighting, still using great swaths of Power to maim and kill as many as he could, Damon realized this. And then everything became dreamlike and dazed – not like his dream of Elena, whom he seemed to see constantly in his side-eye, weeping. But dreamlike in a feverish, nightmare sense. He could no longer use his muscles efficiently. His body was battered and even as he healed his legs, another vampire scored a great cut across his back. He was feeling more and more as if he were in a nightmare where he could not move except in slow motion. At the same time, something in his brain was whispering for him to rest. Just rest†¦and it would all be over. Eventually, the greater numbers bore him down, and somebody appeared with a stake. â€Å"Good riddance to new rubbish,† the stake bringer said, his breath reeking of stale blood, his leering face grotesque, as he used leprous-looking fingers to open Damon’s shirt so as not to make a hole in the fine black silk. Damon spat on him and had his face stamped on hard in return. He blacked out for a moment and then, slowly, came back to pain. And noise. The gleeful crowd of vampires and demons, drunk on cruelty, were all doing a stomping, rhythmic, improvised dance around Damon, roaring with laughter as they thrust imaginary stakes, working themselves into a frenzy. That was when Damon realized that he was actually going to die. It was a shocking realization, even though he’d known how much more dangerous this world was than the one he’d recently left, and even in the human world he had only escaped death by a hairsbreadth more than once. But now he had no powerful friends, no weaknesses in the crowd to exploit. He felt as if seconds were suddenly stretching into minutes, each one of incalculable worth. What was important? Telling Elena†¦ â€Å"Blind him first! Get that stick blazing!† â€Å"I’ll take his ears! Someone help me hold his head!† Telling Elena†¦something. Something†¦sorry†¦ He gave up. Another thought was trying to break into his consciousness. â€Å"Don’t forget to knock out his teeth! I promised my girlfriend a new necklace!† I thought I was prepared for this, Damon thought slowly, each word coming separately. But†¦not so soon. I thought I’d made my peace†¦but not with the one person who mattered†¦yes, who mattered the most. He didn’t give himself time to think about that subject further. Stefan, he sent out on the most powerful but clandestine jettison of Power he could manage in his foggy state. Stefan, hear me! Elena’s come for you – she’ll save you! She has Powers that my death will let loose. And I am†¦I am†¦s – At that moment there was a stumbling in the dance around him. Silence descended on the drunken revelers. A few of them hastily bowed their heads or looked away. Damon went still, wondering what could possibly have stopped the frenzied crowd in the very midst of their revelry. Someone was walking toward him. The newcomer had long bronze hair that hung in separate unruly tangles down to his waist. You read "The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 19" in category "Essay examples" He was naked to the waist, too, exposing a body that the strongest demon might envy. A chest that looked as if it had been carved out of gleaming bronze stone. Exquisitely sculpted biceps. Abs – a perfect six pack. There was not a spare ounce of fat on his entire tall leonine frame. He wore unadorned black trousers with muscles rippling under them at every step. All along one bare arm he had a vivid tattoo of a black dragon eating a heart. Nor was he alone. He held no leash, but by his side was a handsome and uncannily intelligent-looking black dog that stood at alert attention every time he paused. It must have weighed close to two hundred pounds, but there was not an ounce of fat on it, either. And on one shoulder he carried a large falcon. It wasn’t hooded as most hunting birds were on forays out of their mews. It also wasn’t standing on anything padded. It gripped the bare shoulder of the bronze young man, digging its three front talons into the flesh and sending small streams of blood down his chest. He didn’t seem to notice. There were similar, dried streams beside the fresh ones, undoubtedly from previous journeys. In the back, a single talon made a lonely red trail. An absolute hush had fallen on the crowd and the last few demons between the tall man and the bloody, supine figure on the ground scrambled out of his way. For a moment, the leonine man was still. He said nothing, did nothing, emitted no trace of Power. Then he nodded at the dog, which padded forward heavily and sniffed at Damon’s bleeding arms and face. After that it sniffed at his mouth and Damon could see the hairs go up on its body. â€Å"Good dog,† said Damon dreamily as the moist, cool nose tickled his cheek. Damon knew this particular animal and he knew also that it did not fit the popular stereotype of a â€Å"good dog.† Rather, it was a hellhound who was used to taking vampires by the throat and shaking them until their arteries spouted blood six feet high into the air. That kind of thing could keep you so occupied that having a stake slipped into your heart might seem an afterthought, Damon mused, holding perfectly still. â€Å"Arrtez-le!† said the bronze-haired youth. The dog obediently backed off, never taking its shining black eyes off Damon’s, who never took his own eyes off it until it was some feet away. The bronze-haired youth glanced over the crowd briefly. Then he said with no particular vehemence, â€Å"Laissez-le seul.† Clearly, to the vampires no translation was necessary, and they began to edge away immediately. The unlucky ones were those who didn’t edge fast enough and were still around when the bronze young man took another leisurely look about him. Everywhere he looked, he met downcast eyes and cringing bodies, frozen in the act of edging but apparently turned to stone now in an attempt not to attract attention. Damon found himself relaxing. His Power was returning, allowing him to make repairs. He realized that the dog was going from individual to individual and sniffing at each one with interest. When Damon was able to lift his head again, he smiled faintly at the newcomer. â€Å"Sage. Think of the devil.† The bronze man’s brief smile was grim. â€Å"You compliment me, mon cher. You see? I’m blushing.† â€Å"I ought to have known you might be here.† â€Å"There is infinite space to wander, mon petit tyran. Even if I must do it alone.† â€Å"Ah, the pity. Tiny violins are playing – † Suddenly Damon couldn’t do it anymore. He just couldn’t. Maybe it was because of being with Elena before. Maybe it was because this hideous world depressed him unutterably. But when he spoke again, his voice was entirely different. â€Å"I never knew I could feel so grateful. You’ve saved five lives, though you don’t know it. Though how you stumbled on us†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Sage crouched down, looked at him with concern. â€Å"What is it that has happened?† he said in a serious voice. â€Å"Is it that you hit your head? You know: news travels fast here. I heard you arrived with a harem – â€Å" â€Å"That’s true! He did!† Damon’s ears caught a bare whisper of sound at the edge of the street where he’d been ambushed. â€Å"If we take the girls hostage – torture them – â€Å" Sage’s eyes met Damon’s briefly. Clearly, he had heard the whisper as well. â€Å"Saber,† he said to the dog. â€Å"Just the speaker.† He jerked his head, once, in the direction of the whisper. Instantly, the black dog jumped forward, and faster than it took for Damon to describe it in his own mind, had sunk his teeth into the throat of the whisperer, flipped him over once, causing a distinctive crack, and was bounding back, dragging the body between his legs. The words: Je vous ai inform au sujet de ceci! blasted by on a surge of Power that made Damon wince. And Damon thought, yes, he did tell them before – but not what the consequences would be. Laissez lui et ses amis dans la paix! Meanwhile, Damon was slowly getting up, only too glad to accept Sage’s protection for himself and his friends. â€Å"Well that certainly should have done it,† he said. â€Å"Why not come back and have a friendly drink with me?† Sage peered at him as if he’d gone mad. â€Å"You know the answer to that is no.† â€Å"Why not?† â€Å"I told you: no.† â€Å"That’s not a reason.† â€Å"The reason I will not come back for a friendly drink†¦mon ange†¦is that we are not friends.† â€Å"We pulled some pretty scams together.† â€Å"Il y a longtemps.† Abruptly, Sage took one of Damon’s hands. There was a deep and bloody scratch on it, which Damon hadn’t got around to healing. Under Sage’s gaze it closed, the flesh turned pink, and it healed. Damon let Sage continue to hold the hand for a moment, and then, not ungently, retrieved it. â€Å"Not such a very long time ago,† he said. â€Å"Away from you?† A sarcastic smile formed on Sage’s lips. â€Å"We count time very differently, you and I, mon petit tyran.† Damon was full of befuddled cheer. â€Å"What’s one drink?† â€Å"Along with your harem?† Damon tried to picture Meredith and Sage together. His mind balked. â€Å"But you’ve made yourself responsible for them anyway,† he said flatly. â€Å"And the truth is that none of them are mine. I give my word on that.† He felt a twinge when he thought about Elena, but his word was true. â€Å"Responsible for them?† Sage seemed to be reasoning it out. â€Å"You pledged to save them, then. But I only inherit your pledge if you die. But if you die†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The tall man made a helpless gesture. â€Å"You have to live, to save Stefan and Elena and the others.† â€Å"I’d say no, but that would make you unhappy. So I’ll say yes – † â€Å"And if you don’t perform, I swear I’ll come back to haunt you.† Sage regarded him for a moment. â€Å"I don’t think I’ve ever been accused of being unable to perform before,† he said. â€Å"But of course that was before I became un vampire.† Yes, Damon thought, the meeting of the â€Å"harem† and Sage was bound to be interesting. At least it would be if the girls discovered who Sage really was. But maybe no one would tell them. How to cite The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 19, Essay examples

 Romeo and Juliet By Luchelle Emerson Essay Example For Students

  Romeo and Juliet By Luchelle Emerson Essay Act 1 scene 5 ends the first act of the play and draws together the threads so far. The prologue gives the audience a idea of the plays plot and its main themes of love destiny and hate. The brawl in the first scene is the part of the play where it gets action packed and engages the audience. It also excites them and gets them ready for action. The audience then find out that when Romeo is away from Roseline he gets love sick over her and misses her. This gives the audience the idea of love and this is when Romeo is first introduced. In the next scene Paris talks to Capulet as a suitor, which gives the audience the idea of love and parental power. Ironically the ball is arranged so that Paris can see other beautiful young women, but lady Capulet and the nurse support the idea of their marriage . This is when Juliet is introduced properly and this also gives the idea of love and parents power. Next we see Romeo with all of his friends in a scene that gives a sense of destiny and fore boarding relating to the coming party. Nowadays when we have parties we have modern music and modern clothes and flashing lights. However in Shakespearian times masked balls were popular for the rich. In the theatre they would march about the stage , to indicate the change of place as there was continuous action on an Elizabethan stage. The scene could hold an interest of an Elizabethan audience as musicians would play above the stage and costumes would have a sense of the ball. Capulets ball is a masked ball. This means that Montagues can get in, so disguise helps the plot to be continued. The ball enables all the main characters to be on stage together, which has potential for violence as well as love, because there are enemies on stage. These factors might engage the audiences interest because the scene has a mixture of love and hate all in one. It also gives the impression the party is very busy. Act 1 scene 5 is made up of lots of parts to hold the audiences interest. At first there is an excited atmosphere because there is a lot going on, with servants rushing around, as they need to arrange the great hall, so it creates a good atmosphere and for the audience as well. Then the entrance of the Capulets comes and seems very grand to create the thought of ownership. Guests followed in with their masks on and beautiful outfits. This is more stately, but visually attractive for the audience. There is also musical appeal. Next we see Capulet and his cousin chatting, like real old mens chatter, at this, the pace of the party tends to slow down a bit. This gives time for Romeo to see Juliet. We see Romeo gazing around, but then our tension is arrested as he stops and sees Juliet and gazes at her beauty. At this point the audiences attention is very focused as they want to know whats going to happen next. Also this part of the play makes the audience feel very engaged with the lovers. Tybalt is furious when he hears Romeo , and tries to get him thrown out of the party, but Capulet stops him. This part of the scene involves violence as Capulet verbally abuses Tybalt and there is a lot of aggressive tension between Tybalt and Capulet at this point, This tension is an immediate contrast to love, but Romeo ignores the violence and looks for Juliet again. Immediately they fall in love and share a kiss. The audience enjoy the climax of this scene as they know Romeo and Juliet are in love, However Romeo then realises that Juliet is a Capulet. He gets worried and there is a lot of tension building up. We are reminded of Romeos misgivings before the ball when Romeo says I fear too early for my mind misgives some consequence, yet hanging in the stars shall bitterly begin his fearful date, with this nights revels and expire the term. A lot more tension is building up as Juliet finds out who Romeo is: His name is Romeo and a Montague. The only son of your great enemy. When Juliet says my only love sprung from my only hate , too early seen unknown and known to late! Prodigious bir th of love it is to me. That I must have loathed my enemy, Juliet shows a lot of emotion in these ways. The scene is very varied as we see a lot of different paces that keep changing . The Merchant of Venice Themes in justice EssayBy using religious imagery: My lips two blushing pilgrims Romeo- have not saints lips and holy palmers too? Juliet- Ay pilgrim lips that they must use in a prayer. Nevertheless we also notice that sensuality is suggested in the body references : lips touch and kiss hand palm to palm is holy palmers kiss This part of the scene Is very slow and light-hearted, as they flirt by playing with words. Its just between Romeo and Juliet , so we dont see any rushing about for the audience. This scene intertwines love and hate which is one of the plays main themes. We see love as Romeo and Juliet have fallen for each other, in a love poem kind if sense. However that is all blown away when Romeo and Juliet find out who they really are, that Juliet is a Capulet and Romeo a Montague. Now there is a cloud of hate upon them. Juliet says: My only love sprung from my only hate, too early seen unknown and known too late. so we know that she feels awkward now, as she does not know what to do about Romeo, he is in exactly the same situation, as their families loathed enemies. This scene also combines the public and the private, because we see the intimacy of Romeo and Juliet in the grand party setting. This suggests that they may personally be in love, but bigger influences will affect them. There is some dramatic irony in the last section as Romeo says: My life is my foes dept, Juliets words are very prophetic when she says : If he be married, my grave is like to be my weddin g bed This shows Juliet is in an upset state of mind, she would rather be dead than Romeo be married, so she cares about him a lot. After seeing intense love the audience now has an uncomfortable sense of foreboding and tension, because we know from the prologue what is going to happen in the end. This scene adds a great deal to the play. It adds excitement and tension and makes the audience feel very engaged , because a lot of things, and its also arresting. The pace of the scene keeps changing which engages the audience. There is also a lot of loudness with the music , and costumes making it attractive to watch. The poetry of the language is very beautiful especially when we see Romeo and Juliet use their individual speeches to put together a sonnet. There is also a lot of development of Capulet s character and Romeo and Juliets relationship. This also adds to the key themes of love hate and destiny , which leaves the audience with a feeling of foreboding.